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ICSI
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a
micromanipulation technique in which fertilization is brought about
by the injection of a single spermatozoon into an unfertilized egg
(or oocyte, - see illustration 2). ICSI is performed with eggs
obtained after ovulation stimulation as for IVF, and has greatly
improved the treatment of male infertility occurring as a result of
severe oligozoospermia.
ICSI requires only one spermatozoon for each egg and because of
this, its indications have been expanded to include nearly all men
with serious infertility, including many who would previously have
been considered hopeless cases. Provided the spermatozoa are
viable, even sperm dysfunction may be overcome, since more than 50%
of eggs fertilize normally regardless of the sperm quality.
Obstructive azoospermia can also be treated by retrieval of
spermatozoa directly from the testes and even immature spermatozoa
have been used to produce embryos.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
The success rates in ICSI are greatly influenced by the quality of
sperm preparation and by the skill of micromanipulation. ICSI,
combined with IVF, is the most effective treatment for male
infertility with a success rate of 20-25% of treatments resulting
in a live birth.
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